Abstract
Urban runoff pollution has become one of the major sources of water pollution. Rapid urbanization process in China has led to a significant increase in the pollution loads, which has posed great threats on the regional water environmental safety. Thus, it is of great importance to systematically analyse the characteristics of runoff pollution in some typical highly urbanized regions. Taking the Dongguan City in South China as the study area, output and spatial characteristics of the pollution emissions were investigated through a GIS-based empirical model. The results showed that the annual pollution loads of chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) exported from the city were approximately 338489, 613175, 28292 and 2824 t/a, respectively. In particular, the Songshan Lake Area in the city had the largest pollution loads, while the Water Town New Area had the least. In terms of pollution export fluxes unit area, they were highest in the Central Downtown Area (i.e. 2124, 3450, 145 and 16 kg/hm2 a for COD, SS, TN and TP, respectively) and relatively lower in the Southeastern Bordering Shenzhen Area. Enhancing the environmental management and improving the public environmental protection awareness are necessary for mitigating runoff pollution.
Highlights
Rapid urbanization leads to the conversion of natural underlying to impervious surfaces of a region
The export fluxes were relatively lower in the Southeastern Bordering Shenzhen Area (i.e. 938, 1980, 76 and 8 kg/hm2ꞏa for chemical oxygen demand (COD), SS, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), respectively)
The results showed that the total pollution loads of COD, SS, TN, and TP were 338489, 613175, 28292 and 2824 t/a, respectively
Summary
Rapid urbanization leads to the conversion of natural underlying to impervious surfaces of a region This change of landscape pattern causes increasing runoff volume and peak flow. The calculation model proposed by Schueler (1987) was a very popular one, which has been proved to be effective in quantitively estimate the runoff loads in highly urbanized areas [8, 9]. These previous researches were mainly focus on providing the total amounts of runoff pollution loads.
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