Characteristics of rapid eye movement-related obstructive sleep apnea in Thai patients

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that has been associated with cardiovascular consequences. Rapid eye movement (REM)-related obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a subtype of OSA which is characterized by apneas or hypopneas predominately during REM sleep. The factors associated with REM-related OSA are still unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence and associated characteristics of REM-related OSA in Thai patients. A total of 408 patients’ charts were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and anthropometric characteristics, comorbidities and polysomnographic data were obtained. The patients were divided into two groups: REM-related OSA and non-stage specific OSA. REM-related OSA was defined as an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 5 per hour, with a ratio of REM-AHI to NREM-AHI > 2, and NREM-AHI < 15 per hour. The prevalence of REM-related OSA was 21.6%. AHI and arousal index were both lower in REM-related OSA than in non-stage specific OSA. REM-related OSA was significantly associated with females (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.25–4.42, p = 0.008), age < 60 years (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.15–5.55, p = 0.021), and mild OSA (OR 17.46, 95% CI 9.28–32.84, p < 0.001). In conclusion, age < 60 years, female gender, and mild severity of OSA were associated with REM-related OSA.