Abstract
Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the summer monsoon rain belt, Anhui Province of China is divided into three regions, namely, the south of the Yangtze River region (SYA), the Yangtze-Huai region (YHA), and the north of the Huaihe region (NHA). The western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) ridge and the number of regional rainy days are adopted to identify the onset and ending dates of Meiyu and Huang-Huai rainy seasons during 1957–2020, using China’s national standard on “Meiyu monitoring indices.” Then precipitation characteristics of these three regions during Meiyu and Huang-Huai rainy seasons are investigated. Finally, the return periods of the precipitation during the northward movement of summer monsoon over Anhui Province are calculated. The results show that there are 7 years without the occurrence of Huang-Huai rainy season, but 8 years with the occurrence of two Meiyu periods and 5 years with two Huang-Huai rainy periods. Thus, there is only one Meiyu period and one Huang-Huai rainy period in the rest 49 years. For the first Meiyu period during 1957–2020, the average onset and ending dates are 14th June and 10th July, respectively, while the corresponding precipitation presents a decreasing tendency from south to north regions in Anhui Province. For the first Huang-Huai rainy period during 1957–2020, the average onset and ending dates are 10th July and 23rd July, respectively, and the corresponding precipitation shows an increasing tendency from south to north regions. For the northward movement of summer monsoon over Anhui Province, the average onset and ending dates are 14th June and 25th July, respectively, and the corresponding precipitation in NHA is close to that in YHA, but less than that in SYA. Annual precipitation in SYA, YHA, and NHA are 999.5, 1010.6, and 618.7 mm, respectively, during the northward movement of summer monsoon over Anhui Province in 2020, and the corresponding return periods are 56.0, 161.6, and 29.2 years, respectively.
Highlights
East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is the most important as well as the specific climate phenomenon over East Asia (Huang et al, 2015; Bombardi et al, 2017; Xu et al, 2021)
Would be the first, to uncover the characteristics of precipitation during Meiyu and Huang-Huai rainy seasons in Anhui Province based on the synoptic indices, so as to provide data support for the schedule of reservoir operation and flood/ drought disasters prevention
Five stations in Fuyang, Bengbu, Bozhou, Suzhou, and Dangshan are the representative stations for the north of the Huaihe region (NHA) region
Summary
East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is the most important as well as the specific climate phenomenon over East Asia (Huang et al, 2015; Bombardi et al, 2017; Xu et al, 2021). Summer precipitation in the Eastern Monsoon Region of China (EMRC) is dominated by EASM, resulting in a relatively high occurrence frequency of severe disasters, such as floods and Precipitation Characteristics of Rainy Seasons droughts (Xia et al, 2017; Yang et al, 2020). Anhui Province is located across both the eastern monsoon region and the northsouth climate transition zone of China. Affected by the weather systems at low and mid-to-high latitudes, the precipitation characteristics in Anhui Province are complicated to identify. Severe droughts and floods have occurred in Anhui Province, especially the consecutive drought over the region of the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin in 2019, and the floods over the Yangtze River Basin and the Huaihe River Basin in 2020. A thorough understanding of precipitation characteristics during the period of the northward movement of summer monsoon over Anhui Province is needed for disasters forecast and prevention
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