Abstract
Pathogenicity of 28 Polish isolates of F. sambucinum to potato tubers, their sensitivity to control agents, diversity among isolates and molecular methods of species identification were examined. All isolates were pathogenic to potato tubers and differences in pathogenicity were found. Isolates on the PDA were classified into three different color groups of mycelium (B - bright-beige, P - salmon pink, R - rose) that varied in pathogenicity and mycelium growth rate on PDA. P colonies showed the greatest tuber damage, but they grew the slowest on the PDA. Isolates showed varied reaction to different concentrations of 4 control agents (M - mancozeb, C- captan, CO - copper oxychloride and GE - grapefruit extract). The highest mycelium growth inhibition (MGI) was caused by M and the lowest by CO. Strong MGI by GE was observed especially for P isolates. Individual isolates showed different susceptibility to the control agents. Identification of isolates was determined in PCR assay with species specific FSF1/FSR1 primers, by sequencing of DNA fragments derived from ITS regions and the translation elongation factor-1 alpha gene (TEF). Sequence of the ITS regions were identical for all isolates. Analysis of the TEF DNA fragments showed one SNP (transition C↔T) in the sequences of isolates from the three different color groups.
Highlights
Poland is one of the largest potato producers in the world after China, India, Russian Federation, Ukraine, United States and Germany
Fusarium sambucinum Fückel, teleomorph Gibberella pulicaris (Fries) Sacc. (Leslie and Summerell 2006) along with a few other species from the Fusarium genus causes dry rot, which is one of the major diseases of potato tubers that can occur both in the field and in storage, especially in North America and many parts of Europe (Boyd 1972; Desjardins 1995; Hanson et al 1996; Hooker 1981; Peters et al 2008; Secor and Salas 2001)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the pathogenicity of 28 isolates of F. sambucinum to potato tubers, sensitivity of the fungus to control agents and diversity among the isolates including genetic features
Summary
Poland is one of the largest potato producers in the world after China, India, Russian Federation, Ukraine, United States and Germany. (Leslie and Summerell 2006) along with a few other species from the Fusarium genus causes dry rot, which is one of the major diseases of potato tubers that can occur both in the field and in storage, especially in North America and many parts of Europe (Boyd 1972; Desjardins 1995; Hanson et al 1996; Hooker 1981; Peters et al 2008; Secor and Salas 2001). Yield losses due to dry rot can be up to 25 % (Chelkowski 1989), but losses greater than 60 % of potato tubers in storage have been reported (Stevenson et al 2001; Theron 1991). Fusarium sambucinum is considered to be a toxigenic species, known to produce e.g. trichothecenes (15-monoacetoxyscirpenol and 4,15diacetoxyscirpenol mainly), sambutoxin and enniatins (Altomare et al 1995; Desjardins and Plattner 1989; Kim et al 1995)
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