Abstract
Males with short penises may suffer from sexual dysfunction and psychological problems. However, currently, managing short penis is a huge challenge. To explore whether inhibition of lysyl oxidase (LOX) activity (anti-LOX) combined with a vacuum device could lengthen the penis of pubertal rat. Male rats of different ages were purchased, their exposed penile lengths and weights were measured, and protein expression and lysyl oxidase activity in the corpus cavernosum were analyzed. Fifteen-day-old rats were then purchased and divided into six groups: control, Anti-lysyl oxidase, -200mmHg (vacuum device under -200mmHg value), -200mmHg+Anti-lysyl oxidase, -300mmHg, and -300mmHg+Anti-lysyl oxidase groups. After the intervention duration of 7weeks, rats' penile length was measured and erectile function was assessed. The corpus cavernosum was harvested for histopathology and molecular assessments. Exposed penile length and weight significantly increased with age, especially between 4 and 8weeks. Both the protein expression and lysyl oxidase activity in corpus cavernosum were the highest at 2weeks; however, they quickly decreased with age and slowly declined after 8weeks. Anti-lysyl oxidase significantly increased the penile length by 10.79% over controlled rats, -200mmHg+Anti-lysyl oxidase lengthened it by 14.05%, and -300mmHg+Anti-lysyl oxidase increased it by 19.84%. Anti-lysyl oxidase significantly reduced lysyl oxidase activity to decrease pyridinoline concentration; however, it did not change desmosine (P=.28), hydroxyproline (P=.14), and total elastin (P=.06) levels. Anti-lysyl oxidase with or without a vacuum device did not diminish erectile function or impair the normal microstructure of corpus cavernosum. The rats' penile growth peaks occurred between 4 and 8weeks. Anti-lysyl oxidase with a vacuum device promoted penile lengthening by inhibiting pyridinoline production to induce tunica albuginea remodeling. The penile lengthening effect was more obvious in pubertal rats than the adult rats. None of the procedures decreased erectile function.
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