Characteristics of Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome at a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Jordan: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Abstract

PurposeTo present the clinical profile of patients with pseudoexfoliation (PXF) and describe its association with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and cataract surgery complications at a university hospital in Jordan.MethodsElectronic chart search was performed among patients aged ≥ 50 years who attended the Jordan University Hospital between January 2015 and March 2018, to identify patients with pseudoexfoliation. Data derived from history and ophthalmic examination regarding laterality of pseudoexfoliation, presence of glaucoma, glaucoma surgery, cataract, cataract surgery, lens instability, and complications of cataract surgery were collected and analyzed.ResultsOf 19,753 patient records searched, 962 (477 male and 485 female) had PXF (4.9%). The mean (SD) age was 71.8 (8.1) years. Pseudoexfoliation was unilateral in 539 patients (56.0%). The mean age of patients with clinically bilateral PXF was significantly higher than those with clinically unilateral PXF (p = 0.001). Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma was present in 237 of 962 (25.4%) patients with PXF and was significantly associated with clinically bilateral PXF (p < 0.001) and male gender (p = 0.001). In 454 (48.9%) patients (638 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery, there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of intraoperative complications between PXF eyes and the fellow eyes of clinically unilateral PXF eyes (p = 0.37), or between patients with clinically unilateral and clinically bilateral PXF (p = 0.78).ConclusionIn this large hospital-based study, the frequency of PXF was 4.9%. Glaucoma was present in one fourth of patients and was significantly associated with clinically bilateral PXF and male gender. Cataract surgery complication rates were not statistically different between PXF and the fellow eyes of clinically unilateral PXF eyes. Surgeons need to be aware of the potential increased risk of intraoperative complications in both groups.