Abstract
The spatial distribution, temporal variations and trend changes of surface black carbon concentrations in eight key climatic regions across China were analyzed from 2007 to 2018, based on the Modern-era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) black carbon dataset. The mass concentration of BC in China shows an “East-High and West-Low” pattern, with multi-year averaged BC ranging from 154 ng/m3 to 3857 ng/m3. Pronounced seasonal variations were found, with the highest value in winter and the lowest in summer. Most of regions in central and eastern China share similar diurnal pattern with a single-peak at early morning and a valley at noon. Obvious downward trend in most regions of China were identified from 2007 to 2018, especially in southern central China and southwestern part of eastern China, with the highest decline rate of -8.349 ng/m3 per month, which confirming that the great endeavors and effective enforcement of environmental protection measures implemented in China for the last decade.
Highlights
Black carbon (BC) is mainly produced by incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels and biomass burning[1]
The BC concentration varies from one climatic region to another, due to the significant geographic dependence of climatic characteristics in China
The average concentration corresponding to the Northwest, Northeast, North China, East China, South China, Central China, Southwest, and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau key regions are 384±543 ng/m3, 1390±959 ng/m3, 2621±2266 ng/m3, 3324±1290 ng/m3, 1803±487 ng/m3, 3857±1440 ng/m3, 1759±1725 ng/m3, and 154±253 ng/m3, respectively
Summary
Black carbon (BC) is mainly produced by incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels and biomass burning[1]. Ground-based observations mostly reflect a small range of local characteristics, and the sparseness of the observation stations only make it difficult to study the large scale regional distributions. On the another hand, the satellite observations are usually affected by various factors such as clouds and atmosphere pollutions, leading to inaccurate estimates which are non-negligible in further research. In East Asian, including China, BC is quite abundant in the atmosphere due to rapid industrialization and urbanization[11], as well as frequent biomass burning[12-13], leading to growing global attention. BC characteristics of eight key climatic regions across China are studied and highlighted in details
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