Characteristics of Lung Cancer in Patients Younger than 40 Years: A Prospective Multicenter Analysis in France

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the demographic and clinico-pathological characteristics of lung cancer in patients younger than 40 years. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study performed within the Groupe Français de Pneumo-Cancérologie. Consecutive patients diagnosed with lung cancer before the age of 40 years were eligible. Data on demographics, medical history, clinico-pathological characteristics, treatment and overall survival were analysed. Results: In total, 146 patients were included from January 2011 to December 2013. Median age was 38 years (IQR: 34–40). Women accounted for 41%. Main histological type was adenocarcinoma (77%). Only 3% had a prior history of cancer, but a family history (first- or second-degree relatives) of cancer was reported in 80 (55%) patients; 85 and 50% were current or past smokers of tobacco and cannabis, respectively; 82% had stage IIIB/IV at diagnosis. Median overall survival was 15.3 (95% CI: 8.1–24.0) months in the whole population, 10.3 (95% CI: 12.5–14.2) months in stage IV and 15 (95% CI: 8.7–35.2) months in stage III. One- and two-year overall survival rates were 57% (95 CI: 49–65) and 31.5% (95 CI: 27–43), respectively. Compared to smokers, non-smokers were significantly younger and more often females. Median overall survival was not statistically different between smokers and non-smokers.