Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of different basal medium composition on germination characteristics in three basil genotypes under in vitro conditions. Ocimum basilicum var. basilicum cv. Genovese, Ocimum basilicum var. purpurascens cv. Dark Opal and Ocimum x citriodorum seeds were grown in media with a quarter, half, and full-strength of macroand micronutrients and under different levels of nitrate alone or in combination with different levels of ammonium. Evaluated parameters included germination percentage, mean time to germination, rate of germination, and germination uniformity. Seeds of the studied basil genotypes demonstrated significant differences in germination characteristics depending on the availability of nutrients, but also the nitrogen form used. It was concluded that in order to obtain a high level of germinated seeds with significant speed and uniformity of germination under in vitro conditions culture media composition must be adjusted according to the investigated genotype. The results of this study could improve overall tissue culture conditions for a particular basil genotype.
Highlights
Plant tissue culture systems supply all necessary nutrients, water, and energy for plant growth through the basal medium and allow maintenance of whole plants, as well as organs, tissues, or cells under aseptic controlled laboratory conditions
Nitrate and ammonium are the main sources of nitrogen for crop plants, and when it comes to the tissue cultures, nitrogen is generally supplied as NO3- at concentrations close to 10 mM (KIFERLE et al, 2014; ZERVOUDAKIS et al, 2015)
The seeds from basil genotypes investigated in this study were capable to germinate and to develop seedling in different nutrient conditions, still, these processes demonstrated significant differences
Summary
Plant tissue culture systems supply all necessary nutrients, water, and energy for plant growth through the basal medium and allow maintenance of whole plants, as well as organs, tissues, or cells under aseptic controlled laboratory conditions. Numerous investigations in this field formed two main distinct trends – efforts to optimize the basal medium for specific species or genotypes and screening large numbers of in vitro germinated seedlings for a particular genotype (PHILLIPS and GARDA, 2019). The results of this study may provide valuable information about the nutrient management regime for basil tissue culture and can contribute to a better yield of this important crop plant
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