Abstract
Abstract. Since the late 1990s, the meteorological observatory established in Anmyeondo (36.5382° N, 126.3311° E, and 30 m above mean sea level) has been monitoring several greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4, N2O, CFCs, and SF6 as a part of the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Program. A high resolution ground-based (g-b) Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) was installed at this observation site in 2013 and has been operated within the frame work of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) since August 2014. The solar spectra recorded by the g-b FTS cover the spectral range 3800 to 16 000 cm−1 at a resolution of 0.02 cm−1. In this work, the GGG2014 version of the TCCON standard retrieval algorithm was used to retrieve total column average CO2 and CH4 dry mole fractions (XCO2, XCH4) and from the FTS spectra. Spectral bands of CO2 (at 6220.0 and 6339.5 cm−1 center wavenumbers, CH4 at 6002 cm−1 wavenumber, and O2 near 7880 cm−1 ) were used to derive the XCO2 and XCH4. In this paper, we provide comparisons of XCO2 and XCH4 between the aircraft observations and g-b FTS over Anmyeondo station. A comparison of 13 coincident observations of XCO2 between g-b FTS and OCO-2 (Orbiting Carbon Observatory) satellite measurements are also presented for the measurement period between February 2014 and November 2017. OCO-2 observations are highly correlated with the g-b FTS measurements (r2 = 0.884) and exhibited a small positive bias (0.189 ppm). Both data set capture seasonal variations of the target species with maximum and minimum values in spring and late summer, respectively. In the future, it is planned to further utilize the FTS measurements for the evaluation of satellite observations such as Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT, GOSAT-2). This is the first report of the g-b FTS observations of XCO2 species over the Anmyeondo station.
Highlights
Monitoring of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is a crucial issue in the context of global climate change
Oh et al.: Characteristics of greenhouse gas concentrations et al, 2015 and reference therein). Human activities such as burning of fossil fuels and land use change are the primary drivers of the continuing increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases and the gases involved in their chemical production (Kiel et al, 2016 and reference therein)
The g-b Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) at the Anmyeondo station has been measuring several atmospheric GHG and other gases such as CO2, CH4, CO, N2O, and H2O operated within the framework of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON)
Summary
Monitoring of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is a crucial issue in the context of global climate change. The g-b FTS at the Anmyeondo station has been measuring several atmospheric GHG and other gases such as CO2, CH4, CO, N2O, and H2O operated within the framework of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). TCCON achieves accuracy and precision in measuring the column averaged dry air mole fraction of CO2 (XCO2), of about 0.25 %, or better than 1 ppm (Wunch et al, 2010), which is essential to retrieve information about sinks and sources, as well as validating satellite products (Rayner and O’Brien, 2001; Miller et al, 2007). The network aims to improve global carbon cycle studies and supply the primary validation data of different atmospheric trace gases for space-based instruments, e.g., the Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2), the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT, GOSAT-2) (Morino et al, 2011; Frankenberg et al, 2015). This paper presents an introduction to the instrumentation and measurement site, and provides initial results and discussion followed by conclusions
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