Abstract
Fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) containing small protein or peptides and amino acids has a great attention related to the provision of high protein foods to overcome the problem of malnutrition. This research was purposed to prepare FPH from yellowstripe scad (Selaroides leptolepis) by using a local microbial protease from Bacillus subtilis BII-1. Hydrolysis process was done in a laboratory scale (500 g minced fish) at 55oC for 6 h. The liquid hydrolysate was then spray dried using whey protein and maltodextrin at a concentration of 20 and 30% for each filler. The treatment of whey protein powder produced FPHs with higher protein content (31.71-33.97% db) and slightly yellowish in color compared to maltodextrin (11.88-16.66% db). Their foaming capacity and stability were 20-100% and 15% in 5-10 min, respectively. However, FPHs prepared with maltodextrin had no foaming capacity. The hydrolysates from both treatments had low water and oil absorption with the value less than 3 mL/g hydrolysate. A trial on scaling up production using 30 kg fish, showed that optimization or adjustment should be carried out due to the high amount and high protein content of the residual products.
Highlights
The supply of nutritious food, rich in protein is required by most of the world, including Indonesia, which currently deals with the problem of stunting
The liquid hydrolysate was partially sampled for freeze drying and the rest was spray dried which was preceded by addition of maltodextrin and whey protein powder with the concentration of 20% for each filler and homogenization at 16,000 rpm for 10 min
Whey protein powder coded as PC produced higher protein content of Fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) compared to maltodextrin
Summary
The supply of nutritious food, rich in protein is required by most of the world, including Indonesia, which currently deals with the problem of stunting. Fish as source of high quality animal protein is available abundantly at affordable prices. Freeze drying is considered to be the best method because this process allows us to maintain the high protein of FPH. This method is quite expensive to apply on a larger scale. Other drying method used to prepare powdered FPH at an industrial scale is spray drying [13], which is lower in cost, but lower in protein content due to the addition of filler before spray dried. In this research we used maltodextrin, compared to whey protein powder in spray-drying FPH from yellowstripe scad, and evaluate their effect on the protein content and properties of FPH powder produced. An initial trial of scaling up FPH production was studied to obtain mass balance information and evaluate the changes or differences of the FPH quality during scaling up
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