Abstract
Although the ductility energy ratio (mu_{E}) of the reinforced concrete beam has been the topic of numerous study purposes and critical inquiry for the last decades, narrow consideration, especially in terms of reinforced concrete deep beams (RCDBs), is conducted to examine the ductility energy of hybrid-RC deep beams with various CFRP configurations. Growing the ductility of RCDB by CFRP reinforcement is significant in terms of shear resistance. Therefore, the objective herein is to explore the consequence of CFRP configurations (full side warped, 45° and 90° side stripes) on the ductility energy of RCDBs per two values of the shear span over depth proportion (a/d) of 1.0 and 1.75, and shear reinforcement ratios (rho_{v}) of 0.0% and 0.4%. The experimental testing program included 12 RCDBs, three ordinaries (unstrengthen), and nine retrofitted with several CFRP configurations. The results show that the CFRP strengthened beams is presented a higher degree of increase in terms of mid-span deflection with respect to conventional beams. The ductility energy index (mu_{E}) increases with the increase of the shear reinforcement ratio (rho_{v}). The dissipated energy demonstrated by strengthening beam with CFRP is from 45 to 80%, and it was higher than those of reference RCDBs. The energy absorption of RCDBs is improved due to the attendance of CFRP configurations of about 15% and 51% for a/d proportion of 1.0 and 1.75, respectively, and for rho_{v} of 0% and 0.4% are about 15% and 86% consecutively.
Highlights
Deep beam has constantly been a subject of great concern for the field of structural engineering
Failure modes can be categorized into five expected types: Steel bars yielding, concrete crushing in compression, shear reinforcement failure without CFRP rupture, CFRP layer rupture, and depending [23]
CFRP layer may control the shear failure mode according to layer thickness, number of CFRP sheets, and strengthening approaches. it has been distinguished that once the inclined cracking begins to separate in the reinforced concrete deep beams (RCDBs) during the mode of failure, the incorporation between shear reinforcement and RCDB acts as a truss
Summary
Deep beam has constantly been a subject of great concern for the field of structural engineering. Cracks, big distortion, and other numerous deteriorations may affect the RC structures and may often collapse during their service life. These deteriorations are caused by different factors, such as steel reinforcement degradation, aging, environmental impacts, and growth loads [3]. It is significant to strengthen these structures to withstand potential high loads [3,4,5]. One of the commonly used options is a fiberreinforced polymer (FRP) for retrofitting or repair of damaged structural members [6, 7]. Carbon, or other synthetic fibers may be categorized as FRP
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