Characteristics of emergency department admissions with congestive heart failure in the United States: a Nationwide cross-sectional study

Xingyu Zhang,Sheng Yang,Hui Fan,Anna Prushinskaya,Peilin Qiu,Yun Jiang

doi:10.1186/s12873-021-00564-7

Abstract

BackgroundTo understand the characteristics and clinical presentation of patients with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) visiting the emergency department (ED), and to examine the factors associated with clinical outcomes and medical resource utilization amongst the studied population.MethodsWe analyzed the 2014–2016 ED visit data collected by the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey Emergency Department Subfile. We described patients’ characteristics and clinical outcomes after ED visits with CHF vs. without CHF. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between these characteristics and CHF.ResultsED visits with CHF visits represented 3.9% of annual ED visits (3,647,113 out of 92,899,685). ED patients with CHF were mostly non-Hispanic White (69.9%). Compared with other ED patients, those with CHF were older, including 71.2% that were were older than 60. ED patients with CHF were more likely to be admitted to the hospital (aOR: 2.56; 95% CI: 2.28–2.87) and intensive care unit (ICU) (aOR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.77–2.71).ConclusionsThis study describes the demographic, socioeconic, and clinical characteristics of patients who present to the ED with CHF through analysis of a comprehensive national survey. These patients require a higher level of emergency care due to their higher chance of admittance to the hospital and ICU.

Highlights

To understand the characteristics and clinical presentation of patients with Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) visiting the emergency department (ED), and to examine the factors associated with clinical outcomes and medical resource utilization amongst the studied population
Factors that influence prognosis include medication adherence; CHF patient medication adherence ranges from 7 to 90%, and medication nonadherence is thought to be a leading cause for CHF exacerbation [9]. Another factor associated with increased mortality is anemia, a common finding in patients with CHF that increases in incidence with worsening CHF [10]
We presented a comprehensive study on the national characteristics of ED patients with CHF history [14, 23]

Summary

Introduction

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a national public health problem in the United States with significant prevalence and mortality [1, 2]. Factors that influence prognosis include medication adherence; CHF patient medication adherence ranges from 7 to 90%, and medication nonadherence is thought to be a leading cause for CHF exacerbation [9]. Another factor associated with increased mortality is anemia, a common finding in patients with CHF that increases in incidence with worsening CHF [10]. Within the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, CHF increases the risk of poor outcomes including intensive care mortality [11]

Methods

Results

Conclusion