Characteristics of different varieties of the pea (Pisum sativum L.) in the zone of the Southern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

Purpose. Evaluate the introduced samples of the pea (Pisum sativum L.) of various ecological and geographical origins in the conditions of the southern part of the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine according to a set of productivity and adaptability indicators. Methods. During 2016–2018 under the conditions of the Ustymivka Experimental Station of Plant Production of Plant Production Institute nd. a. V. Ya. Yuriev, NAAS of Ukraine 30 new pea samples from Belarus, Russia, Canada, the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands and France were investigated. In field and laboratory conditions yields, productivity, 1000 beans weight, early-ripening, plant height and height of attachment of the lower pods above the soil level, number of nodes to the first pod and their total number per plant, number of pods and seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod parameters were studied. Results. The study of the introduced material made it possible to distinguish the varieties of the pea by the complex of valuable features. In particular, varieties ‘Zhniven’skiy’, ‘Igumenskaya uluchshennaya’, ‘Armeec’, ‘Tesey’, ‘Zaranka’ (Belarus), ‘Boldor’ are characterized by high yields, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, length of a pod and productivity of a plant. Varieties ‘Chervenskiy’ (Belarus), ‘Patrick’, ‘Pluto’ (Canada), ‘Salamanca’ (Germany) have a big pod length and large number of seeds in a pod. ‘Boldor’ (France), ‘Armeets’ (Belarus) and ‘Kadet’ (Russia) combine a large number of pods per plant and plant productivity. ‘Slovan’ (Czech Republic) and ‘Ul’yanovets’ (Russia) have a big length of pod. Conclusions. The introduced varieties of the pea, identified by a set of valuable traits, can be recommended as starting material in breeding for increa­sing productive and adaptive potential in the conditions of the Southern Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine.