Abstract

Sediment discharge and concentration are experimentally investigated for debris flows caused by denser fluid and by plain water, respectively. Denser fluid is represented by the mixture flow of sand and water. The former debris flow is found to carry more gravels than the latter. Gravel discharge and concentration increase with the decrease in the sand grain diameter. This can be explained by critical fluid velocity for gravel movement in the mixture flow. For the estimate of the critical velocity the drag force is also investigated. The value of the drag force in the mixture flow of very fine sand is close to that in plain water. Therefore, such mixture flow is found to behave like a single fluid.

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