Abstract

Research of bacterial communities and metabolism potential of paddy soils contaminated by antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) are vital to acquire understanding for their bioremediation. Here, the relative abundance of Sb and As metabolism genes, the diversity and composition of the bacterial community, and the influences of geochemical properties and the bacterial community and metabolism potential have been researched by Tax4Fun2 prediction and high-throughput sequencing. LEfSe (linear discriminant analysis effect size) analysis shown different taxa were enriched in dissimilar soil layers. RDA (Redundancy analysis) and relative importance analysis indicated the main properties including total sulfur (TS), total organic carbon (TOC), pH, and the bioavailable fractions of Sb and As affects the bacterial community, which Sbrec, Astot, and Asrec had greater impact on the bacterial taxonomic community. For example, Asrec, Astot, and Sbrec had a positive correlation with Chloroflexi and Rokubacteria, but negatively correlated with Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Obtaining metabolic function genes by using the tax prediction method. RDA, relative importance analysis, and co-occurrence network analysis showed the geochemical properties and bacterial community affected Sb and As related bacterial functions. The partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) analysis indicated Sb and As contamination fractions had negative effects on ecological function, bacterial community structure had positive influences on ecological function, and the direct effects of geochemical properties on ecological function was greater than community structure. The direct impact of As contamination fractions on bacterial community structure was greater than Sb, while the direct impact of Sb contamination fractions on bacterial function was more remarkable than As. Obviously, this study provides a scientific basis for the potential of biochemical remediation of Sb and As contamination in paddy soils profile.

Highlights

  • As a non-essential toxic trace metal element in organisms, antimony (Sb) has been listed as a priority pollutant by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the EuropeanUnion [1]

  • The results showed that between soils contaminated by antimony (Sb) and As contamination fractions had a direct negative effect on refers to the top 10 dominant bacterial phyla in paddy soil, and soil bacterial function involved in Sb soil bacterial function, and, other geochemical properties have a direct positive effect on it

  • We quantified the effects of Sb and As contamination fractions and other geochemical properties on bacterial community and function in the vertical profile of paddy soils

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Summary

Objectives

To test the hypothesis that Sb and As contamination fractions in paddy soil, we measured the bacterial communities and functions by using a 16S rRNA (The DNA sequence corresponding to rRNA encoded in bacteria exists in the genome of all bacteria) sequencing technique.

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