Characteristics of attention in school-age children with mild autism spectrum disorder

Abstract

To investigate the characteristics of attention in school-age children with mild autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and to provide a basis for clinical treatment. A total of 20 school-age children with mild ASD were enrolled, and the intermediate visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT) was used to assess their attention. A total of 20 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 40 healthy children were enrolled as controls. Compared with the normal control group, the ASD group showed significantly lower scores of full scale attention quotient, full scale response control quotient, visual/auditory full scale response control quotient, visual/auditory prudence quotient, auditory perseverance quotient, visual consistency quotient, visual/auditory vigilance quotient, visual attention quotient, visual speed quotient, number of correct visual/auditory reactions, and visual mean reaction time of the second and third phases (P<0.05). Compared with the ADHD group, the ASD group showed significantly higher scores of full scale response control quotient and auditory consistency quotient (P<0.05), as well as significantly lower scores of visual vigilance quotient and visual speed quotient (P<0.05). School-age children with mild ASD have attention deficit mainly manifested as the defect in the ability to focus attention, which is similar to the defect in children with ADHD, but ASD children have a lower degree of attention control impairment compared with children with ADHD. The defect in the ability to focus visual attention is more severe than that in the ability to focus auditory attention, while there is no significant difference between the defects in visual and auditory attention control.