Abstract
INTRODUCTIONSmoking is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and smoking cessation is the most effective treatment for patients with COPD. However, few studies have investigated the continuation/cessation of smoking and heated tobacco products (HTP) in patients with COPD. The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of patients with COPD, those who are current smokers and those who switched from cigarettes to HTP, and to examine the reason for the continuation or cessation of smoking.METHODSThis multicenter, cross-sectional study included 411 outpatients with COPD. Data for this study were part of a study conducted for a comprehensive evaluation of the smoking status and clinical factors in patients with COPD and their families.RESULTSLogistic regression analysis revealed that a younger age, longer duration of smoking, fewer daily cigarettes, and lower modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea score, and a lower Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) score for appetite, were characteristics of current smokers (age OR=0.94; duration of smoking OR=1.07; number of cigarettes per day OR=0.94; mMRC OR=0.68; SNAQ OR=0.83; p<0.05). The logistic regression analysis model showed that a younger age and higher education level were associated with the use of HTP (age OR=0.83; higher education level OR=4.63; p<0.05). Many of the current smokers displayed smoking behaviors that are not guaranteed to be safe, such as reducing smoking or switching to lighter cigarettes or HTP.CONCLUSIONSPatients with COPD who continue smoking tended to have low appetite as well as smoking behaviors that are not guaranteed to be safe. Physicians should provide appropriate guidance to these patients on smoking cessation.
Highlights
Smoking is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and smoking cessation is the most effective treatment for patients with COPD
The number of current smokers was 82 (20.0%), the average duration of smoking was 39.5±12.2 years, and the average number of cigarettes smoked per day was 25.9±13.0
Current smokers have been smoking for longer (45.5±11.2 vs 38.0±12.0 years, p
Summary
Smoking is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and smoking cessation is the most effective treatment for patients with COPD. Few studies have investigated the continuation/cessation of smoking and heated tobacco products (HTP) in patients with COPD. The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of patients with COPD, those who are current smokers and those who switched from cigarettes to HTP, and to examine the reason for the continuation or cessation of smoking. We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study to clarify the following: 1) the characteristics of patients with COPD who are current smokers and past smokers, 2) the smoking status and reasons for continued smoking in patients with COPD who are current smokers, 3) the characteristics of patients with COPD who substituted conventional cigarettes with HTP, and 4) the reasons for quitting smoking in past smokers who have COPD
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