Characteristics of acute kidney injury and mortality in patients with sepsis and septic shock

Abstract

Background and Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening disease and a global health burden, with an increasing incidence in both developed and developing countries. 40 - 50% of AKI cases are caused by sepsis and septic shock. Mortality increases respectively with disease severity. Therefore, we conduct this research with the objective of determining the incidence of sepsis-associated and septic shock-associated AKI and mortality in these patients. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 65 patients with sepsis or septic shock in the Department of ICU - Hue Central Hospital - Vietnam, from February 2022 to March 2023. Results: Of the 65 patients admitted with sepsis and septic shock, 38 (58.5%) developed AKI, the rates of KDIGO stage 1, 2, 3 were 44.7%, 38.8%, and 18.5%, respectively. The rate of patients receiving RRT was 39.5%. The rate of patients with positive blood cultures was 12.6%. The average SOFA score, APACHE II score at admission were respectively 7.63 ± 5.8; 19.18 ± 9.2. The average serum levels of lactate and PCT in patients with sepsis and septic shock were respectively 3.9 ± 3.23 mmol/l; 33.13 ± 38.49 ng/ml. The average ICU length of stay was 9.03 ± 5.23 days, the rate of requiring mechanical ventilation was 36.9%, in-28-day mortality was 32.3%. Mortality was statistically significantly higher in the AKI groups compared to non-AKI group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with sepsis and septic shock have high rates of AKI and mortality, increased length of hospital stay. Key words: acute kidney injury, sepsis, septic shock.