Characteristics of Activated Carbons Prepared from Apricot Kernel Shells by Mechanical, Chemical and Thermal Activations

Marat Isakovich Satayev,Ravshanbek Sultanbekovich Alibekov,Lazzat Mutalovna Satayeva,Omirbek Pernebaiuly Baiysbay,Botagoz Zhaksylykovna Mutaliyeva

doi:10.5539/mas.v9n6p104

Marat Isakovich Satayev, Ravshanbek Sultanbekovich Alibekov + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5539/mas.v9n6p104

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Abstract

The regulating of a structure and a pores volume of activated carbons by mechanical, chemical and thermal activations of agricultural wastes, such as apricot kernel shells were studied. The mechanical activation was provided in the grinding mill, in the aqueous medium. The chemical activation was implemented by treatment with sulfuric, hydrochloric, phosphoric acids at the concentrations of 5%–40% and by zinc chloride at the penetration coefficients of 0.1÷0.6. The thermal activation was effected in carbon dioxide atmosphere at the temperatures of 300÷100 ??. It was researched an influence of acid concentration, ZnCl2 coefficient of impregnating, CO2 temperature per volume of micro-, meso- and macropores. Activated carbons have arranged porous structures in the following line: processed by ZnCl2 and CO2 > processed by ZnCl2 > processed by H2SO4 > processed by H3PO4. For the samples are treated by ZnCl2 and subsequent CO2, the activation optimal parameters are following: temperature of CO2 =500 ??; the penetration coefficient = 0.4.

Highlights

In the current chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries, the adsorption process is widely uses for the technological processes, such as a deep purifying and dewatering, as well as for the improving a quality of raw materials and products
Auezov’ South Kazakhstan State University. It was developed the high-performance, compact and reliable in operation device. It is suitable for the mechanical activation in the production of the powders of fine-dispersion and high activity
Based on the study of the process of mechanical activation of apricot kernel shells have been identified the feasibility of destruction method at high loading speeds

Summary

Introduction

Pharmaceutical and food industries, the adsorption process is widely uses for the technological processes, such as a deep purifying and dewatering, as well as for the improving a quality of raw materials and products. In the production of activated carbon, initial raw materials undergo thermal processes without air. In result volatile compounds remove moisture and resin (Keltsev, 1984). The structure of the obtained coal is a macroporous, and it cannot be used directly as an industrial adsorbent. The task of obtaining a specific microporous structure is solved during the activation process. The activation process is performed by two basic methods: the oxidation by gas or steam, or a mixture thereof (Ahmedna et al, 2004; Tangjuank et al, 2009)

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