Abstract
AbstractThe lightning very high frequency (VHF) radiation location system based on the short-baseline time-difference of arrival (TDOA) technique provides an effective approach to describe the temporal and spatial development of lightning discharge in two dimensions with high resolution. A negative single-stroke cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flash was analyzed in detail using the radiation location results and synchronic fast/slow electric field changes. The long-duration preliminary breakdown process appeared to propagate with bi-directional leader channels. The two negative simultaneous discharge channels sloped down with a considerable horizontal component in the lower positive charge region at speeds of about 105 m s-1. The stepped leader was clearly converted from one channel of the preliminary breakdown process and spread downwards with branches. The speeds of the stepped leaders were about 105 m s-1. The K processes after the return stroke could either directly initiate from the start region with ...
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