Abstract
Karst water in northern China is an important water source for economic and social development in its distribution area and water source for ecological function guarantee. With the enhancement of human activities, the water quality of karst water in the north has deteriorated and the bearing capacity of economic activities and social and ecological environment has weakened. The study on the distribution characteristics and source analysis of toxic substances in typical karst springs in northern China is of great practical significance for the sustainable development of karst areas in northern China. Based on the abundant karst water samples, the concentration, detection, and spatial distribution of toxic heavy metals and typical organic substances in karst waters were analyzed, the quality was evaluated, and the source of substances was analyzed. The results show that the toxic substances in karst water in Jinan are mainly distributed in the northern part of the Jinan urban karst water subsystem and Baiquan karst water subsystem in Jinan city, and the detection rate is low in other areas. The main distribution areas of toxic substances in karst water are the northeast and southwest parts of Jinan city. In the recharge area and runoff area of the karst spring area, the contribution rate of toxic substances to the comprehensive quality evaluation of karst water is relatively low and relatively high in the drainage area of the spring area. The organic index contributes more to the comprehensive quality evaluation of karst water. The distribution of toxic substances is related to the historical and current industrial layouts, and industrial discharge or leakage is the primary source of pollutants in karst water. The concentration of toxic substances in karst water has persistence and inheritance. This study enriches the research results on the distribution and sources of toxic substances in typical karst springs in northern China and provides essential data support for scientific understanding of the changes in karst water quality and optimization of water resource management in northern China.
Highlights
Karst water in northern China is an important water source for economic and social development in its distribution area and water source for ecological function guarantee
With the enhancement of human activities, the water quality of karst water in the north has deteriorated and the bearing capacity of economic activities and social and ecological environment has weakened. e study on the distribution characteristics and source analysis of toxic substances in typical karst springs in northern China is of great practical significance for the sustainable development of karst areas in northern China
Based on the abundant karst water samples, the concentration, detection, and spatial distribution of toxic heavy metals and typical organic substances in karst waters were analyzed, the quality was evaluated, and the source of substances was analyzed. e results show that the toxic substances in karst water in Jinan are mainly distributed in the northern part of the Jinan urban karst water subsystem and Baiquan karst water subsystem in Jinan city, and the detection rate is low in other areas. e main distribution areas of toxic substances in karst water are the northeast and southwest parts of Jinan city
Summary
Samples were collected and tested in strict accordance with relevant requirements of groundwater quality standard (GB/T 14848-2017). All organic samples (including experimental samples, blank samples, and spiked samples) were added with recovery indicators to control the efficiency in the sample pretreatment process, and the recovery met the quality control standards as specified in Technical Requirements for Quality Control of Groundwater Pollution Investigation and Evaluation Sample Analysis (DD2014-15) by the China Geological Survey. E general chemical parameters and the toxic inorganic parameters are determined by traditional analysis methods suitable for karst groundwater [13]. E karst water quality evaluation is carried out according to the national groundwater quality standard GB/T 14848-2017, and the spatial distribution characteristics and material sources are analyzed. After the IDW interpolation, the contours are modified manually according to specific hydrogeological conditions to make them more precise
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