Abstract
The machining process is still a very relevant process in today’s industry, being used to produce high quality parts for multiple industry sectors. The machining processes are heavily researched, with the focus on the improvement of these processes. One of these process improvements was the creation and implementation of tool coatings in various machining operations. These coatings improved overall process productivity and tool-life, with new coatings being developed for various machining applications. TiAlN coatings are still very present in today’s industry, being used due to its incredible wear behavior at high machining speeds, high mechanical properties, having a high-thermal stability and high corrosion resistance even at high machining temperatures. Novel TiAlN-based coatings doped with Ru, Mo and Ta are currently under investigation, as they show tremendous potential in terms of mechanical properties and wear behavior improvement. With the improvement of deposition technology, recent research seems to focus primarily on the study of nanolayered and nanocomposite TiAlN-based coatings, as the thinner layers improve drastically these coating’s beneficial properties for machining applications. In this review, the recent developments of TiAlN-based coatings are going to be presented, analyzed and their mechanical properties and cutting behavior for the turning and milling processes are compared.
Highlights
Machining remains a very important process, with the machining industry in continuous growth in recent years, and still having a considerable expected growth in the following years
It was found that this novel design significantly reduced the wear of the tool, and the cutting temperature was reduced by up to 40% when compared to turning with the conventional tool under dry machining conditions
The studies being conducted about monolayered TiAlN-based coatings, mentioning the influence of doping elements on the overall properties of these coatings; Studies about multilayered coatings, presenting the new structures and composition combination which are being employed recently and analyzing its influence on the coating’s properties; Studies being conducted about nanolayered coatings, mentioning the recent developments being made on this topic, presenting the various structures and their benefits when compared to the other types of TiAlN-based coatings
Summary
Machining remains a very important process, with the machining industry in continuous growth in recent years, and still having a considerable expected growth in the following years. Different techniques confer the coatings with different properties, being increased mechanical properties, adhesion properties and even residual stresses Both CVD and PVD methods have certain advantages and disadvantages, for example, CVD coatings are very difficult to deposit onto steel substrates, due to high deposition temperature. This coupled with the fact that PVD coatings exhibit compressive stresses, makes the cutting edge of the coated tool a very strong and resistant edge, making these types of coatings ideal for finishing operations, whereas in the case of CVD coatings, these exhibit tensile residual stresses and are usually thicker, making them more suited for roughing operations where, for example, a high material removal rate is preferred [32,33,34] The control over these coatings properties makes them very versatile, they can be made for a certain application, experiencing various combinations of coating’s structures and compositions. The various types of structure of TiAlN-based coatings were divided into sections, with a section for monolayered, multilayered and nanolayered TiAlN-based coatings being created
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