Abstract
Shewanella haliotis is an emerging human pathogen. Many infectious cases were linked to shellfish ingestion or aquatic exposure. Therefore, it is important to study the phylogeny and distribution of S. haliotis in shellfish aquaculture. We investigated the distribution of S. haliotis in cultivated shellfish farming in Taiwan in which S. haliotis was found in the shellfish from all sampling sites. S. haliotis was identified in cultivated shellfish by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, such as abalone (Haliotis diversicolor), clam (Meretrix lusoria), and oyster (Crassostrea gigas). This study highlighted the contamination of S. haliotis in cultivated shellfish and importance of further study regarding the biodiversity and pathogenesis of S. haliotis.
Highlights
Genus Shewanella is a member of the class Gammaproteobacteria and comprises a group of Gram-negative, nonfermentative, and facultative anaerobic motile bacilli [1]
Most of the organisms detected were found in marine environments, and four of these species were commonly found in clinical specimens (S. algae, S. putrefaciens, S. haliotis, and S. xiamenensis)
During 2012 and 2013, Liu et al reported that S. haliotis is the causative organism for 5 (56%) out of 9 Shewanella bacteremia cases in Taiwan [12]. e increasing case reports included bacteremia, abdominal infection, and soft tissue infections [9, 13]. e risks of Shewanella infection caused by seafood consumption are rarely discussed and limited in the literature
Summary
Genus Shewanella is a member of the class Gammaproteobacteria and comprises a group of Gram-negative, nonfermentative, and facultative anaerobic motile bacilli [1]. Most of the organisms detected were found in marine environments, and four of these species were commonly found in clinical specimens (S. algae, S. putrefaciens, S. haliotis, and S. xiamenensis). Among these four, S. putrefaciens and S. algae have been found increasingly in human infections [5]. Shewanella infection is associated with direct contact with the organism through seawater or ingestion of raw seafood [3, 6]. A subject infected by Shewanella spp. is usually associated with hepatobiliary disease [3, 6]
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