Abstract
Particles emitted from gravel processing sites have severely worsened ambient air quality. This study analyzed the fugitive dust emission characteristics at selected pollution sources using several kinds of particle samplers, including TSP, PM10, PM2.5, and dry deposition plate. It is the first attempt to modify emission factors of AP-42 with a systematical study, utilizing domestic information under dimensionless analysis at the gravel processing sites. Results showed that TSP concentrations at the boundary of gravel sites ranged from 280 to 1,290μg/m 3 . Moreover, PM10 concentrations ranged from 135 to 550μg/m 3 which were 1.2 - 1.5 times PM2.5 concentrations, which ranged from 105 to 470 μg/m 3 . Emission of unpaved roads accounted for about 45 - 55% of the total emission at the gravel processing sites. The silt and moisture content of gravel/sand/dust affected the emission rate of each emission source and ranged from 0.1 to 8.3 % for silt and from 0.6 to 14 % for moisture. After statistical analysis using the least square method, the domestic emission factors of four main emission sources were developed. Furthermore, the size coefficient of emission factors for TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 emission rate estimation equation were also determined in this study.
Highlights
Fugitive dust that originates from gravel processing sites contributes considerably to high-particulate concentrations in ambient air. Muleski (2001) and Gilliesa et al, (2005) found that emitted total suspended particulate (TSP) concentrations were roughly between 300 and 1,000 ȝJP3, a concentration of particulate pollutants capable of being associated with disease in respiratory organs
We investigated dust emission characteristics by using several kinds of samplers simultaneously to collect the dust emitted from different sources
After calculating emission rate emitted from unpaved road with mass-balance methods, as mentioned in Equation (2), this source accounted for about 45 - 55% of the total emission rate at the gravel processing sites
Summary
Fugitive dust that originates from gravel processing sites contributes considerably to high-particulate concentrations in ambient air. Muleski (2001) and Gilliesa et al, (2005) found that emitted total suspended particulate (TSP) concentrations were roughly between 300 and 1,000 ȝJP3, a concentration of particulate pollutants capable of being associated with disease in respiratory organs. Howell et al (1998), Etyemeziana et al (2003), and Jorkevic et al (2004) found that fugitive dusts resulted from storage piles through the process of wind erosion once wind speed reached higher than 2.5 m/sec on a sunny day. Unpaved roads are another important source since driving gravel trucks in the gravel processing site often releases large amounts of particles from the road, especially at speeds higher than 20 km/hr (Etyemeziana, et al, 2003). We investigated dust emission characteristics by using several kinds of samplers simultaneously to collect the dust emitted from different sources
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