Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of freight mode choices made by shippers and carriers with the introduction of a new freight transport system. We set an area in which actual freight transport takes place as the analysis scope and performed a survey of the shippers and carriers that transport containers to identify their stated preference (SP) regarding the new freight mode. The SP survey was carried out through an experimental design and this study considered the three factors of transport time, transport cost, and service level. This study compared and analyzed the models by distance using an individual behavior model. The results of estimating the model showed that the explanatory power of the model classified by distance and the individual parameters have statistical significance. The hit ratio was also high, which confirms that the model was estimated properly. In addition, the range of elasticity and the value of travel time analyzed using the model were evaluated to be appropriate compared to previous studies. The findings of the elasticity analysis show that strategies for reducing the transport cost are effective to increase the demand for the new transport mode. The value of travel time of freight transport was found to be higher than the current value generally applied in Korea. Considering that the value of travel time currently used is based on road freight transport, further research is required to apply a new value of travel time that reflects the characteristics of the new transport mode in the future.
Highlights
In 2015, the modal share of freight transport in Korea was 76.2% for roads, 18.4% for shipping, 5.3% for railways, and 0.1% for air transport, showing that road transport dominated compared to other means of transport
This study developed a new freight mode choice model based on the introduction of a new freight transport system
This is due to the need to develop a separate transport mode choice model according to the introduction of the new transport mode
Summary
In 2015, the modal share of freight transport in Korea (based on ton-km) was 76.2% for roads, 18.4% for shipping, 5.3% for railways, and 0.1% for air transport, showing that road transport dominated compared to other means of transport. Technically advanced countries such as the US, Germany, the Netherlands, and Japan are developing various types of intermodal automated freight transport systems, including automated freight transport systems for bulk cargo between logistics hubs and underground freight transport systems [3,4,5]. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the process shippers and carriers in Korea used in choosing freight transport modes and to identify the conditions and ratio of the modal share structure between the new system of transport and truck transport after introducing the intermodal automated freight transport system to provide the basic data required for the policy-making process.
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