Abstract
The biasing form two-way shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator composed of SMA spring and steel spring is analyzed. Based on the force equilibrium equation, the relationship between load capacity of SMA spring and geometric parameters is established. In order to obtain the characteristics of SMA spring actuator, the output force and output displacement of SMA spring under different temperatures are analyzed by the theoretical model and the experimental method. Based on the shape memory effect of SMA, the relationship of the SMA spring actuator's output displacement with the temperature, the stress and strain, the material parameters, and the size parameters is established. The results indicate that the trend of theoretical results is basically consistent with the experimental data. The output displacement of SMA spring actuator is increased with the increasing temperature.
Highlights
Shape memory alloy (SMA) is known as a kind of new intelligent material
The shape memory effect, which allows the deformed material to recover a memorized shape when heated above the transformation temperature, can be exploited effectively in microrobots, automobile, automatic adjustment devices, aerospace, home appliances and daily necessities, [4,5,6,7,8] and so on
An actuator based on these materials is made up of an SMA element that works against a contrasting element
Summary
Shape memory alloy (SMA) is known as a kind of new intelligent material. SMA may undergo mechanical shape changes at relatively low temperatures, retain them until heated, and come back to the initial shape [1, 2]. An actuator based on these materials is made up of an SMA element that works against a contrasting element (a weight or other constant force, a conventional spring, or a second SMA element). The actuator is activated by heating the SMA element above the transformation temperature. The resulting increase in stiffness enables the SMA element to overcome the resistance of the contrast, generating useful displacements and producing mechanical work [3, 9,10,11]. Based on the shape memory effect of SMA, the relationship of the SMA spring actuator’s output displacement with the temperature, the stress and strain, the material parameters, and the size parameters is established. The output displacement of SMA spring actuator is increased with the increasing temperature
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