Characteristic of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tissues Using Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry.

Katarzyna Bogusiak,Piotr Paneth,Radosław Mostowski,Marcin Kozakiewicz,Aleksandra Puch,Józef Kobos

doi:10.3390/jcm9113760

Abstract

Overall prognosis for patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSSC) is still unfavourable. However, there is a hope that a novel diagnostic method may establish better cancer biology characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the isotope ratio of nitrogen and carbon in OSSC as compared to margin and healthy tissue. A total of 18 patients with OSSC were included in the study. Specimens collected covered: four tumour, four margin and two healthy oral mucosa samples. The samples underwent further procedures: lyophilization and isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Measurements of the ratio of stable isotopes of nitrogen 15N/14N and carbon 13C/12C were performed. It is noticeable that the highest average nitrogen concentration was observed in tumour 12 ± 0.4% and the lowest in healthy tissues 8 ± 0.9% (p < 0.00001). The highest average carbon content was observed in healthy tissues 57 ± 2.2% and the lowest in tumour 46 ± 1.3% (p < 0.00001). Moreover, values of 15N/14N expressed in delta notation were the highest in healthy tissues 9.84 ± 0.61 and the lowest in tumour 8.92 ± 0.58. Values of 13C/12C tended to be higher in tumour −22.2 ± 0.89 and the lowest in healthy tissues −23.7 ± 1.2. Tumour tissues differ in isotopic composition from tissues taken from margin and healthy tissues taken from distant oral mucosa.

Highlights

Worldwide data show that lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer is one of the most noteworthy problems among oral diseases due to its significant effects on the quality of life of the patients
90% of head and neck cancers are squamous cell carcinoma raised from the mucosal surface of the oral cavity [3]
A part of tissue samples, 108 out of 180 intended for isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) procedure were kept at −70 ◦C before performing further procedures

Summary

Introduction

Worldwide data show that lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer is one of the most noteworthy problems among oral diseases due to its significant effects on the quality of life of the patients. In 2017, among all cases of this type of cancer, more than half 57.4% are concerned lip and oral cavity cancers [1]. In 2018, the number of new cases of lip and oral cavity cancer was 354,864 and the number ofdeaths was 177,384 [2]. 90% of head and neck cancers are squamous cell carcinoma raised from the mucosal surface of the oral cavity [3].

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