Abstract
Purpose. To analyze the indices of cellular immunity in children with recurrent respiratory diseases, depending on the level of IgE production.Materials and Methods. The study of cellular immunity and the level of IgE production in 81 children with recurrent respiratory diseases, aged from 2 to 6 years old (I group – 45 children with IgE index above the reference values of the age norm; II group - 36 children with normal IgE level).Results. In 55.56 % of children with recurrent respiratory diseases, the IgE level has exceeded the reference values of the age norm. Cellular immunity in 53.33 % of children with recurrent respiratory diseases and high IgE levels was significantly more often characterized by decrease in the relative amount of CD3+, CD4+ T-lymphocytes phenotype and increase in the relative values of CD25+ lymphocytes phenotype with a moderate positive direct correlation between CD25+ lymphocytes and IgE levels (R = 0.35, p < 0.05). In children with recurrent respiratory diseases and normal IgE levels the relative amount of СD3+, CD4+, CD8+ lymphocytes phenotype was decreased and increased CD16+, CD19+ phenotypes in 38.89 %, and increase in the relative values of CD25+ lymphocytes phenotype in 11.1 %. Regardless of the ability to IgE production the cellular immunity parameters within the age standard were recorded in 53.09 % of the examined children and violation of the cellular immunity was observed in 46.91 % of cases.Conclusions. In children with recurrent respiratory diseases changes in the cellular immunity were registered 14.44 % more often in the group of children with high IgE level.
Highlights
Often, severe respiratory diseases in children result in various types of cellular and antibody mediated immunity and its functional activity disturbances and are often accompanied by formation of both chronic inflammatory processes within respiratory organs and various allergic pathologies [1]
Results of the study showed that among all the examined children with recurrent respiratory diseases the priduction of IgE was increased in 45 children (55.56 %) and its median (Me) was 459 [273.6–520.8] IU/ml, and in 36 (44.44 %) children the IgE level was within the age norm, Me = 21.4 [12.3–27.5] IU/ml, see Fig. 1
Within the 1st group in 53.3 % (24 of 45) children with recurrent diseases various allergic reactions were registered, and there was a decrease in the relative number of the CD3+ T-lymphocytes phenotype (Me = 59.3 [57.0–60.1] %) and CD4+ (Me = 26.8 [25.2–27.4] %) in the immunogram
Summary
Severe respiratory diseases in children result in various types of cellular and antibody mediated immunity and its functional activity disturbances and are often accompanied by formation of both chronic inflammatory processes within respiratory organs and various allergic pathologies [1]. An increased infectious morbidity is a characteristic in children with classical immune pathology, and in so-called immunocompromised children with various allergic reactions [5]. This group is characterized by repeated, uncomplicated, local or chronic, often mono-infections, associated with external contacts, pathogenic flora and an external antigens effect [6]. In this case genetic tendency to imbalance in the immune system often appears to be endogenous basis for these diseases development [7]. The fact that an increased level of IgE is involved in a number of allergic reactions development and represents one of the main elements of protection against various agents or parasites is of particular academic and practical interest [8,9]
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