Characteristic Features of Bimaxillary Proclination: A 5-Year Review in Najran, a Saudi Arabian Sub-population.

Abstract

Background Bimaxillary proclination (BP) has been described as a clinical condition depicted by proclined upper and lower incisors with an amplified lip incompetence. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristic features of bimaxillary proclination in Najran. Methods This was a retrospective study to appraise bimaxillary proclination in an orthodontic specialist clinic and research complex in Najran, Saudi Arabia from January 2018 to December 2022. Patients requesting orthodontic treatment for malocclusion were evaluated. Data retrieved include: age, gender, presence of bimaxillary proclination, and facial profile of affected patients. IBM SPSS Statistics for IOS Version 25 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) was used for analysis. Results were presented as simple frequencies and descriptive statistics. Results Three hundred and twenty-six (326) patients sought treatment for different types of malocclusion out of which 277 (84.9%) had bimaxillary proclination. There were 123 (44.4%) males and 154 (55.6%) females with an M:F ratio of 1:1.3. Age ranged from 6 to 55 years with a mean SD of 22.6 ± 8.98. More females had bimaxillary proclination. The majority of the patients with bimaxillary proclination had convex facial profiles and a Class I relationship(241 (73.9%) and (135 (48.7%)), respectively. Conclusion Bimaxillary proclination is a common orthodontic health issue with high prevalence in the Najran region. Female preponderance was observed. Most of the patients have a Class I Angle's relationship.