Characteristic Differences in the Chemical Composition of Spheroidal Carbonaceous Particles in Japanese and Chinese Cities

Abstract

Spheroidal carbonaceous particles (SCPs) are produced by the high-temperature combustion of fossil fuels and are emitted to the atmosphere. We examined the surface morphology and the chemical composition of SCPs in samples of surface sediment from five industrial cities each of Japan and China, using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). There exists a relationship between surface morphology and the chemical composition of SCPs in China, but not for SCPs in Japan. The chemical compositions of SCPs differ between Japan and China: those in Japan are S-rich, whereas those in China are Ti-rich. The results suggest that EDS can be used to identify China-derived SCPs in East Asian countries such as Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan.