Abstract
The determination of long-chain branching (LCB) of polymers is in most cases performed by evaluation of both molecular dimensions and molar mass. Several experimental techniques, e.g. light scattering, diffusion, sedimentation, viscometry and gel permeation chromatography, can furnish the necessary data. Indices of LCB in use are the ratios for branched and linear macromolecules of the mean square radii of gyration (g), of the hydrodynamic radii (h) and of the intrinsic viscosities (g’). A survey is given of how these indices can be determined from the experiments, how they are interrelated, and how they are connected with the LCB structure and the number of long side chains. The complications occurring with samples polydispersed in molar mass and in degree of branching are also considered.
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