Abstract
Out of the total accessions of cultivated barley, held at ICARDA, a subset core collection consisting of 153 accessions originating from different countries was established. Genetic diversity of the core collection was studied using AFLP markers. The accessions were grouped into different geographic sub-regions and the total genetic variation was estimated using Popgene software. Genetic distance matrix was computed and hierarchical unrooted tree was performed using Phylip software package. Our results demonstrate that the AFLP markers were highly informative and were useful in generating a meaningful classification of the cultivated barley that we determined as a subset of core collection.    
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