Abstract
This chapter uses MONUC as a case study, with the aim of evoking debate around two controversial issues on which little consensus exist: The practical implementation of the concept of civilian protection and legal parameters under international human rights law (HRL) and international humanitarian law (IHL) that imbue such peacekeeping activities. It purports at understanding how peacekeeping mandates of protecting civilians may be interpreted in light of U.N. member states? legal obligations under IHL and HRL. The chapter addresses the issues of applicability of IHL and HRL to U.N. peace operations and how protection of civilians? mandate can be understood against these two legal frameworks. It analyses MONUC?s operationalization of the concept by focusing on three areas: (i) protection through respect for IHL and HRL; (ii) protection through ensuring respect for such standards by other actors; and (iii) protection through ?enforcing? respect for IHL and HRL by other direct action. Keywords: civilian protection; human rights law (HRL); international humanitarian law (IHL); MONUC; peacekeeping activities; U.N. member states
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