Abstract
This chapter discusses the problems inherent in the transplantation of different organs and tissues and describes the immunological mechanism behind graft rejection in man and experimental animals. It explains the techniques used to suppress the immunological mechanisms in relation to the allograft or homograft reaction. It has been shown that humoral antibodies play a significant role in allograft rejection. It appears that humoral antibodies cannot initiate allograft rejection and that allograft rejection needs to be initiated in the first place by a cell-mediated immunological reaction. The humoral antibody can cause renal graft rejection by the production of an acute glomerulonephritis and allergic obliterating vasculitis in the kidney transplant. There is no evidence of direct target cell damage by infiltrating lymphocytes and macrophages. The chapter also discusses the nature and inheritance of the antigens involved in allograft rejection.
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