Abstract

This chapter discusses the construction of machine tools. It presents the features of machine tool construction that can influence the function of the machine and that have been found necessary for efficient operation under numerical control. A machine tool can be considered to be a complex assembly consisting basically of the following: (1) power units, (2) speed control units for both work and tool movements, (3) a means of controlling the line of movement of the tool and/or work, (4) tool or work movement actuating mechanisms with control on the amount of movement, (5) tool and work holding devices, and (6) a structure linking and aligning the individual units together, so that the tool and work are maintained in a controlled relationship. The chapter further discusses the power units. There are three types of power units required for driving the main spindle (cutting speed), for driving the saddles or carriages (feed), and providing power for ancillary services.

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