Abstract
In light of the frequent recurrence and theological significance of heaven in the Old Testament and Second Temple literature, it is not surprising that all of the New Testament (NT) authors also regularly utilize this language. Much as in the OT and Second Temple literature, heaven in the NT is used in a plethora of ways. In Gospel of Matthew the language of heaven plays a very prominent role. In fact, it is interesting to find that of all the NT books, the Gospel of Matthew employs heaven language significantly more often than any other. Author mentions four particularly unusual elements of Matthew's usage of heaven language. These can be summarized as follows: (1) a preference for the plural οὐρανοί; (2) frequent use of the heaven and earth pair; (3) use of the phrases, Father in heaven and heavenly Father; and (4) the repeated expression, kingdom of heaven.Keywords: Gospel of Matthew; heaven; heavenly Father; kingdom of heaven; New Testament (NT); Old Testament (OT); Second Temple literature
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