Abstract

This chapter addresses efforts by the states that have formed nuclear-weapon- free zones (NWFZ) to exclude nuclear weapons and nuclear powered ships from their territorial and adjacent waters. On the one hand, this seems a rather esoteric topic, especially given the insistence of the United States and the other nuclear powers on freedom of the seas. On the other hand, the four existing NWFZs cover almost the entire inhabited area of the southern hemisphere, with over one hundred member states. The symbolic and normative importance of NWFZs may play a significant role in their potential application to maritime areas, where the NWFZ member states may seek to set new norms restricting the deployment of nuclear weapons, which the nuclear weapons states are likely to resist. Keywords: maritime areas; nuclear powers; nuclear-weapon- free zones (NWFZ); United States

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