Abstract

Abstract Humans are exposed to inorganics (i.e., metals) every day. These exposures can have toxic effects on nearly every organ system and tissue and can play key roles in etiology of several diseases, including cancer. This chapter describes the toxic and carcinogenic effects of the metals or metalloids that are classified as known or probable human carcinogens. The chapter starts with a general introduction to metals and their basic properties. It then describes each metal or metalloid in detail, covering their specific properties, human exposure rates and routes, toxicokinetics (i.e., absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion properties), general toxicity, and their toxic and carcinogenic mechanisms and modes of action.

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