Abstract

This chapter discusses convex sets and convex functions. The notion of extreme point of a convex set plays an important role in mathematical programming, especially in linear programming. A closed bounded convex set S—a subset of IRn—is the convex hull of its extreme points. A set in IRn, which is given by the intersection of a finite number of closed half spaces in IRn, is called a convex polyhedron or polyhedral set. The term “convex” is superfluous as it follows from convexity of the half spaces that polyhedral are (closed) convex sets. Convex functions (and their generalizations) also play a central role in the analysis of extremum problems. The importance of convex functions in problems of this kind lies mainly in some basic properties, as described in the chapter.

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