Abstract
Politically concerned activists organized meetings to stimulate legal reforms, redefine socialism, and explore Chinese and foreign traditions for new modes of governance. After the 1989 demonstrations, apart from admonishing intellectuals for making mistakes and encouraging them to follow a patriotic Party line, the political leadership made the administrative leadership of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) accountable to the newly set-up CASS Party Committee. A development took place that made possible the transformation of simple bipolar politics and rigid factionalism in academic circles to a guided form of freedom. The new regulations of the Party Committee System stipulated the implementation of a new ‘responsibility system’ that made the president of CASS responsible to the leadership of the Party Committee.Keywords: Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS); Hu Sheng; liberalization
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