Abstract
Sexual assault prevention initiatives focused on promoting affirmative consent have gained widespread interest in the last decade. These initiatives emphasize explicit communication of sexual consent as a mechanism to reduce rates of sexual assault. However, what constitutes “sexual consent” is not always clear. To better elucidate sexual consent, this chapter comprises a review of scientific research related to sexual consent communication, attitudes and norms associated with sexual consent, and sexual assault prevention initiatives that include components of sexual consent promotion, specifically focusing on young men and boys. This chapter also addresses sociocultural norms regarding gender and sexuality that may influence how sexual consent is communicated and understood. Given that men are at greater risk for sexual assault perpetration, this chapter focuses on factors related to masculinity and gender, deconstructing how these attitudes, norms, and beliefs may influence consent communication and our approach to sexual assault prevention.
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