Chapter 9 - Laboratory Housing of Nonhuman Primates

Abstract

Primary enclosures for nonhuman primates include cages that allow varying degrees of conspecific contact and larger enclosures that accommodate groups of animals. Primary enclosures may be located in totally environmentally controlled buildings, sheltered environments that control for temperature extremes, or outdoor facilities that are not environmentally controlled. Regardless of the type utilized, the enclosure should promote physical comfort of the animals being maintained with sufficient cage height for animals to stand erect with their feet on the floor. Enclosures should allow for application of behavioral management aspects such as socialization, training, and other forms of environmental enrichment to promote normal species behavior. Enclosures should be constructed using materials that are resistant to corrosion and should present an environment that assures animal safety and freedom from injury. Enclosures should accommodate appropriate equipment to safely provide animals with food and water. Enclosure design must address the prevention of disease, escape, and undesired contact and fighting between adjacent animals, as well as providing proper sanitization, ease of maintenance, and ergonomic considerations for employee safety. Enclosures must also meet the research and primate care requirements, as well as the requirements of applicable regulatory agencies.