Abstract
Insulation coordination is the technique used to ensure that the electrical strengths of the various items of plant making up the transmission and distribution system and their associated protective devices are correlated to match the system characteristics and expected range of voltages. The objective of the analysis and application of its conclusions is to reduce the probability of plant failure and supply interruptions caused by insulation breakdown to an operationally and economically acceptable level. The standard recognizes that insulation may occasionally fail since it is not economically feasible to eliminate failure completely. A proposed order of priorities for an insulation coordination policy is to ensure safety to public and operating personnel, avoid permanent damage to plant, minimize interruption of supplies to consumers, and minimize circuit interruption. It should be noted that insulation levels are dependent on the highest system operating voltage and not on the nominal voltage. IEC 60038 gives details of standard transmission and distribution voltage levels. Thus for a 132 kV system, the highest voltage is 145 kV. Plant may be subjected to the normal power frequency voltages that do not exceed the highest rated voltage for which the equipment has been designed.
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