Abstract
Heat resistance of fungi is determined by their sexual spores—ascospores. Their ability to survive common conservation (70°C 30min) is of concern for public health and economy as well. Byssochlamys spp., Neosartorya fischeri, and Talaromyces flavus are predominant heat resistant molds. We isolated some more rare representatives from soil: Eupenicillium spp., other Talaromyces spp., including Dichotomomyces cejpii. Byssochlamys spp. are able to synthetize a mycotoxin patulin, often found in canned fruit products together with a wide spectrum of decomposing enzymes. Tremorgenic mycotoxins, byssochlamic acid, etc., might occur in moldy matrices as well. So far, Ag nanoparticles (NPs) and magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite were successfully applied to eliminate heat resistant fungi from the samples treated. Accurate nanomaterial-assisted aptasensors with CeO2, Au, Ag, and ZnONPs or nanotubes were introduced for ochratoxin A analysis in the last years. Paper-based low-cost sensors as alternatives to conventional methods for field analysis of fungi are emerging recently as well.
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