Abstract
This chapter focuses on capillary electrophoresis (CE). It provides an overview of the instrument components and the modes of separation by CE. The five major formats of a CE experiment are capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE), capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF), and capillary isotachophoresis (CITP). In the MEKC format, surfactants at or above the critical micelle concentration (CMC) are used to create a pseudophase into which solute molecules may partition. Based on the mechanism of separation by selective partitioning, even uncharged molecules may be separated using MEKC. Though a number of surfactants can be used, the most popularly used is the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). CITP is the only method which does not produce discrete zones, but rather continuous zones. The separation mechanism is based on a fast leading ion and a slow terminating ion.
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