Abstract
Optical fiber networks have been developed to the point where they are now synonymous with modern telecommunications and optical sensing. A major drawback to their evolution has been the reliance on bulk optics for conditioning and controlling the guided light beam, which requires the use of high-quality bulk-optic components and places stringent tolerance on optical alignment. This chapter discusses fiber Bragg gratings. Bragg gratings have truly revolutionized applications in communications networks. Devices that were thought to be impossible to construct are now becoming a reality. There are competitive technologies in each application, and the trade-offs and advantages need careful evaluation. Reflectivity, isolation, bandwidth, edge response, and dispersion characteristics can be adjusted to fabricate optimally designed gratings. This ability to make application-specific fiber Bragg gratings assures their enduring viability as components in advanced systems research and to enhance real systems in the generation, detection, and conditioning of light.
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