Abstract
This chapter elaborates different aspects of treatment of effluents in fertilizer industry. Nitrogenous compounds may be present in the fertilizer factory liquid effluent as ammoniacal nitrogen, organic nitrogen, and oxidized nitrogen. The main pollutant in the nitrogenous fertilizer manufacture is ammoniacal nitrogen. The treatment of effluent for removal/ recovery/recycle of ammoniacal nitrogen is essential in almost all nitrogenous and complex fertilizer plants. The stripping of dissolved ammoniacal nitrogen present in liquid effluent by use of air is adopted in a few fertilizer plants. In an actual process, the effluent containing ammoniacal nitrogen is collected in a tank and the pH of the effluent is raised above 10.5 by addition of alkali. It is found in the chapter that the biological nitrification and denitrification process can reduce ammoniacal nitrogen content of the effluent to a very low limit.
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