Chapter 8 - Sampling, detection, and health impacts of bioaerosols emitted from livestock facilities

Abstract

Bioaerosols are biological particles that are generated from livestock farming and mainly from poultry, pig, chickens, and cattle farming. They are airborne particles transmitted through air and cause harmful diseases. Around 70% air of Delhi is contaminated by these particles. Chronic bronchitis, asthma, and other infectious fetal diseases (pneumonia) are spread by these biological particles. In livestock farming, the production of these particles was near to 90%. According to some report, everyday 1,00,000 people are exposed to this bioaerosol and also infected by it. The total cost is near to 27 billion dollars in the whole world. So, for this, every country is using different sampling and analysis techniques which are mentioned in this chapter. Countries like Germany, Poland, etc. have different farming techniques, they arranged all the animals in the stalls but the cleaning and hygiene techniques are not able to decontaminate air. So, there are techniques like proper ventilation and exhaust air circulation system which are needed for proper management. For cleaning of infectious particles, first we need to understand which microorganisms are more in the air as compared to others. So, there are some data for it. Importance of this data is how to prevent this bioaerosol and how to prevent contamination of air. There are future challenges that increase the number of bioaerosols, but how to prevent them before it spreads throughout the world? Here are sampling techniques and analysis techniques which lead us for more precaution and prevention of bioaerosols.