Abstract

The unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness depend on a modicum of a mutually assured healthy lifestyle. As is often the case, there is an optimal range of governmental and private provisions. The Declaration aptly warns against a destructive government. Democracy and freedom are at the core of achieving fairness, and Americans rightfully take great pride in these foundations of their republic. Sometimes, there is no clear anthropology on why certain laws, regulations, and social norms and mores exist. No matter how injustices or other societal needs have come about, they call on any responsible engineer to be an agent of justice. Ethical principles are general norms that leave considerable room for judgment. Applications of such principles are formally codified into professional codes of practice. They are also stipulated informally by societal norming such as by religious, educational, and community standards. In fact, most principles of professional practice are derivatives from a small core of moral principles. Justice is a universal human value crucial to bioethics. It is a concept that is built into every professional code of practice and behavior, including the codes of ethics of all engineering and other technical and design disciplines.

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